Description of Glasses Used in Corning Labware



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Description of Glasses Used in Corning Labware

	Pyrex® Brand 7740 Glass – Low Expansion Borosilicate Type 1 Glass Pyrex® Brand 7740 Glass - Low Actinic Labware With a Red Ultraviolet Shielding Stain Pyrex Brand 7740 Glass – PyrexPlus® Brand With a Vinyl Coating Vycor® Brand 7913 Glass Code No. 0211 Zinc Titania Glass Code No. 0215 Soda Lime Glass Code No. 7799 Glass - High Expansion Borosilicate Glass Pyrex® Brand 7789 Glass - Low Expansion Borosilicate Type I Glass PYREX 7800 Glass – Pharmaceutical Medium Expansion Borosilicate Glass Corning 9989 Glass – Fiberglass roving
Corning Glassware products are made from different glass compositions or composite materials which are sold under a variety of brand names. The following pages summarize some of the properties of these glasses.

Pyrex® Brand 7740 Glass
Borosilicate - Low Expansion - Type I Glass
Of the hundreds of commercial glasses produced, Code No. 7740 borosilicate glass comes closest to being the ideal glass for most laboratory applications.
With proper care, it will withstand nearly all temperatures used in normal laboratory use. It is highly resistant to chemical attack. Its low coefficient of expansion allows it to be manufactured with heavy walls, giving it mechanical strength, while retaining reasonable heat resistance. And, it is a glass that can be fabricated more easily than most other glasses, thus making it more economical.

Light Transmittance

The visible light transmittance (400-760NM) of Code No. 7740 glass is 92% at 2mm thickness.

/lifesciences/images/technical_information/7740trans.gif (17326 bytes)

Standards
Type I, Class A Borosilicate conforming to federal specification DD-G-54 lb and ASTM E-438. Also meets the U.S. Pharmacopoeia specs for Type I Borosilicate Glass.

Chemical Composition

Composition	(percent approx.)
SiO₂	80.6%
B₂O₃	13.0%
Na₂O	4.0%
A1₂O₃	2.3%
Miscellaneous Traces	0.1%

Physical Properties

Coeff. of Exp.	32.5 x 10^-7cm/cm/°C
Strain Point	510°C
Anneal Point	560°C
Soften Point	821°C
Density	2.23 g/cm³
Youngs Mod.	6.4 x 10³ Kg/mm²
Refract. Index	1.474 @ Sodium D Line
Temp. Limits	490°C (Extreme Service)
Temp. Limits	230°C (Normal Service)
Max. Thermal Shock	160°C

Applications
Designed for use in all products requiring very high resistance to strong acids, alkalis and products intended for use in heat applications such as autoclaves, hot plates and open flame.

Products
Beakers, burets, bottles, centrifuge tubes, condensers, cylinders, desiccators, dishes, flasks, fritted ware, funnels, ground joints, jars, stopcocks, tubing and other assorted products.

Warnings
1. Thick-walled ware, such as bottles, jars and desiccators, should not be heated over a flame, a hot plate, or other comparable source of heat.
2. Do not use hydrofluoric or hot phosphoric acid in glass.
3. Do not use scratched or abraded glassware.
4. Hot alkalis will etch glass.

Pyrex® Brand Low Actinic Labware
Code No. 7740 Glass With a Red Ultraviolet Shielding Stain
Pyrex® Low Actinic Labware is made from Code No. 7740 glass with a red stain fired into the exterior surface. The resulting product is as durable as the base glass. Pyrex® Low Actinic Labware was originally developed for work in the vitamin field, but it has found other uses in applications with chemicals sensitive to light in the 3,000 to 5,000 Angstrom range.

Transmission/Wavelength For PYREX® Brand Low Actinic Labware - Approximately 2.80mm Thick

Wave Length A	%Transmittance
3,000	0
4,000	0-1
5,000	2-4

For comparison, the visible light transmittance (400-760NM) of Code No. 7740 glass is 92% at 2mm thickness.

PyrexPlus® Brand Labware
Code No. 7740 Glass With a Vinyl Coating
PyrexPlus® brand labware is Code No. 7740 Pyrex® brand borosilicate glass labware with a tough transparent vinyl coating. It is designed to resist exterior surface abrasion. It also helps minimize loss of contents if the glass vessel is accidentally broken.

The coating of PyrexPlus® brand labware is designed to resist leakage resulting from a brief chemical exposure that might occur if the vessel is broken. Prolonged and/or repeated chemical exposure of the coating to aldehydes, ketones, chlorinated solvents and concentrated acids should be avoided.

Transmission/Wavelength For PYREXPLUS® Brand Low Actinic Labware - Approximately 3.15mm Thick

Vycor® Brand 7913 Glass
High Temperature Glass - High Silica Glass
This glassware has several exceptional properties. Since it is 96% silica, it is similar to fused quartz in its thermal properties. It may be used at much higher temperatures than Code No. 7740 borosilicate glass and will withstand considerably more thermal shock. Vycor products can be used continuously at 900°C, and intermittently to 1200°C. Being of a very simple composition, only five elements, it is used for very precise analytical work.

Transmission/Wavelength for Vycor® Labware - Approximately
1mm Thick

Standards
Manufactured only by Corning. No federal or ASTM standards.

Chemical Composition

Composition	(percent approx.)
SiO₂	96.4%
B₂O₃	3.0%
A1₂O₃	0.5%
Misc. Traces	0.1%

Physical Properties

Coeff. of Exp.	7.5 x 10^-7cm/cm/°C
Strain Point	890°C
Anneal Point	1020°C
Soften Point	1530°C
Density	2.18 g/cm³
Youngs Mod.	6.7 3 10³ Kg/mm²
Refract. Index	1.458 @ Sodium D Line
Temp. Limits	1200°C (Extreme Service)
Temp. Limits	900°C (Normal Service)

Manufacture
This glass is formed as a borosilicate type glass. It is then subjected to a chemical treatment that removes most of the elements in the glass except silica (SiO₂). Glass is then reheated to eliminate the microscopic holes caused by the chemical treatment. Only quartz has a higher silica content.

Applications
Designed for use in all products that must withstand very high temperatures or thermal shock. Can be sealed to 7740 glass with #6466 graded seals.

Products
11000 - beakers, 12940 - crucibles, 13180 - dishes, 16790 - heaters & water still heaters, Vycor® tubing.

Warnings
1. Do not use hydrofluoric acid in any glass product.
2. Alkalis at elevated temperatures will etch glass.

Zinc Titania Glass
Code No. 0211
Used for Cover Glass

Standards
Proprietary Corning composition.
No current federal or ASTM standards on this glass.

Chemical Composition

Composition

(percent approx.)

SiO₂ 64%

B₂O₃ 9%

ZnO 7%

K₂O 7%

Na₂O 7%

TiO₂ 3%

A1₂O₃ 3%

Physical Properties

Coeff. of Exp. 74 x 10^-7cm/cm/°C

Strain Point 508°C

Anneal Point 550°C

Soften Point 720°C

Density 2.53 g/cm³

Youngs Mod. 7.6 x 10³ Kg/mm²

Refract. Index 1.523 @ Sodium D Line

Surface Coating Proprietary

Transmittance/Wavelength For 0211 Zinc Titania Glass - Approximately 1mm Thick

Applications
Designed specifically as a cover glass for attachment to microscope slides to preserve and protect samples on the slides. Also ideal for making blood smears suitable for microscopic examination.

Products
Cover glass and Micro-Sheet.

Warnings
1. Do not use in heat applications.

Soda Lime Glass
Code No. 0215
Used for Flint Glass

Standards
Glass commonly referred to as
Type II Soda Lime Glass per
A.S.T.M.-438 federal spec DD-G-54lb.

Chemical Composition

Composition

(percent approx.)

SiO₂ 73%

Na₂O 14%

CaO 7%

MgO 4%

Al₂O₃ 2%

Physical Properties

Coeff. of Exp. 89 x 10^-7cm/cm/°C

Strain Point 511°C

Anneal Point 545°C

Soften Point 724°C

Density 2.40 g/cm³

Youngs Mod. Not available

Refract. Index 1.515 @ Sodium D Line

Transmittance/Wavelength For 0215 Soda Lime Glass - Approximately 1mm Thick

Applications
General purpose glass used in the container and plate glass industry.

Products
Microscope Slides and Pasteur Pipets.

Warnings
1. Do not use hydrofluoric or hot phosphoric acid on glass.

Code No. 7799 Glass
Common Names
High Expansion Borosilicate

Standards
No federal or ASTM specs on this glass, but it does meet U.S. Pharmacopoeia specs for Type I Borosilicate glass.

Chemical Composition

Composition

(percent approx.)

SiO₂ 70%

B₂O₃ 10%

Na₂O 9%

Al₂O₃ 6%

BaO 2%

K₂O 1%

CaO 1%

MgO 0.5%

ZnO 0.5%

Physical Properties

Coeff. of Exp. 62 x 10^-7cm/cm/°C

Strain Point 525°C

Anneal Point 560°C

Soften Point 740°C

Density 2.47 g/cm3

Youngs Mod. Not available

Refract. Index Not available

Max. Temp. Limits Not available

Max. Thermal Shock 80°C

Applications
Used in pharmaceutical containers.

Warnings
1. Do not use hydrofluoric or hot phosphoric acid in glass.
2. Do not use in heat applications.
3. Do not use scratched or abraded glassware.
4. Hot alkalis will etch 7799 glass.
5. Will not seal to 7740 glass.
Special Note: Bottles made of 7799 glass can be identified by the word "Corning" molded in the bottom along with "Made in USA."

Code No. 7789
Corning Trademark: PYREX® Common Names
Borosilicate - Low Expansion - Type I Glass

Standards
Type I, Class A Borosilicate conforming to federal specification DD-G-54 lb and ASTM E-438 (except for K2O content). This glass also meets the U.S. Pharmacopoeia specs for Type I Borosilicate Glass.

Chemical Composition

Composition

(percent approx.)

SiO₂ 81%

B₂O₃ 13%

Na₂O 3%

Al₂O₃ 2%

K₂O 1%

Physical Properties

Coeff. of Exp. 32.5 x 10^-7cm/cm/°C

Strain Point 510°C

Anneal Point 560°C

Soften Point 815°C

Density 2.22 g/cm³

Youngs Mod. 6.4 3 103 Kg/mm²

Refract. Index 1.474 @ Sodium D Line

Temp. Limits Not available

Max. Thermal Shock 160°C

Applications
Designed for use in all products requiring very high resistance to strong acids and alkalis. Products may be autoclaved. 7740 glass can be sealed to this glass.

Warnings
1. Not recommended for use on hot plates.
2. Do not use hydrofluoric or hot phosphoric acid in glass.
3. Do not use scratched or abraded glassware.
4. Hot alkalis will etch glass.

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Code No. 7800
Corning Trademark: Pyrex® Brand 7800 Glass
Borosilicate - Type I Glass, Neutral Glass

Code 7800 glass, with a slightly higher expansion rate than 7740 and 7789 glass, is used primarily for pipets and culture tubes because it does not significantly alter the pH of solutions that it contacts.

Light Transmittance

/lifesciences/images/technical_information/7800trans.jpg (17326 bytes)

Standards
Type I, Class B Borosilicate conforming to federal specification DD-G-541b and ASTM E-438. Also meets the U.S. Pharmacopoeia specs for Type I Borosilicate Glass.

Chemical Composition

Composition	(percent approx.)
SiO₂	73%
B₂O₃	10%
Na₂O	2%
A1₂O₃	7%
K₂O	2%
BaO	<0.1%
CaO	0.7%

Physical Properties

Coeff. of Exp.	55 x 10^-7cm/cm/°C
Strain Point	517°C
Anneal Point	565°C
Soften Point	789°C
Density	2.33 g/cm³
Youngs Modulus	7.2 x 10³ Kg/mm²
Refract. Index	1.490 @ Sodium D Line
Temperature Limits	200°C (Normal Service)
Max. Thermal Shock	115°C

Applications
Designed for use in all products requiring very low pH shift when used with most reagents and pharmaceuticals.

Products
Pipets, disposable culture tubes and pharmaceutical tubing.

Warnings
1. Do not use hydrofluoric or hot phosphoric acid in glass.
2. Do not use scratched or abraded glassware.
3. Hot alkalis will etch glass.
4. Will not seal to Type 7740 glass.

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Corning® Code 9989 Borosilicate Glass

Corning 3950 Fiber Glass (Glass Wool) is made from Code 9989 borosilicate glass.

The composition of this glass is as follows (all values approximate and in nominal weight percentages):

Composition (Code 9989)	Percent (Approximate)
SiO₂	65.5%
Al₂O₃	3.1%
B₂O₃	5.3%
Na₂O	16.0%
K₂O	0.7%
CaO	5.9%
MgO	3.0%
BaO	0.01%

The following physical characteristics also apply to the finished product:

Fiber diameter:	8 µm
Softening point:	660° Celsius
Maximum service limit:	500° Celsius
Density:	2.52 g/cm³

The product as supplied does contain a surface lubricant on the glass fibers. This lubricant is a water soluble hydrocarbon oil. This lubricant can be removed by raising the product to a temperature of 200°C for approximately one half hour.

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